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Water, power, drainage infrastructure being augmented in Srinagar

Tap water to all 2.5 lac households before end of current fiscal, new power sub-stations and augmentation of existing ones across district

Strengthening of drainage network as a major developmental focus of coming fiscal; 92 languishing projects worth 800 crore rupees being completed before end of 2020: DC Srinagar

SRINAGAR, FEBRUARY 05: In order to bridge shortfalls, infrastructure across all basic facilities including water, power, drainage and road networks are being augmented in Srinagar.
To augment water supply network, hosts of measures ranging from coverage of households in uncovered areas under tap water network to upgrading to and installing advanced infrastructure are being taken to strengthen the potable tap water network.
The aim is to ensure round-the-clock provision to all of around 2.5 lac households in the district. The district administration has fixed 1 March 2020 as deadline before which all households across the district will be connected under the network and provided potable tap water.
In addition to upgrading infrastructure which includes replacing old with new supply lines and enhancing storage capabilities, the plan includes covering all so-far uncovered households in rural areas of the district under the potable tap water network.
The plan also includes installation of smart water meters, the aim being to discourage misuse of potable water. The measure is aimed at the larger goals of water conservation and efficient response to issues of disruption.
The installation of smart water meters, which is an approved component under the Srinagar Smart City project, is to enable an efficient and reliable potable water provision mechanism.
Relevant processes like census of covered and uncovered and registered and unregistered households and commercial establishments and their geo-tagging and linkage are being taken up as part of the process.
Meanwhile the district administration has released 3 crore rupees to the PHE department for completing – before the end of March 2020 – several important works including replacement of worn-out water distribution system in Bemina area, augmentation through installation of 100 mm dia DI main line from Zakura to Habbak, realignment of supply line and construction of sluice chamber at Alamgari Bazar, and installation of 100 mm dia main supply for augmenting WSS Gasoo supplies.
To improve power scenario in the district, the power distribution network and relevant infrastructure is being augmented in keeping with modern demands and needs.
Last month the administration released over 4 crore rupees under SADP to the power department for strengthening power distribution network in various populous areas of the district.The funding was released for creation of 30 new sub-stations and augmentation of existing ones in various areas. These new sub-stations being set up at an aggregate cost of over 2 crore rupees include setting up of HT and LT networks.
In addition to creation of new sub-stations, the existing infrastructure of divisional workshops of electric divisions 1st and 4th are also being upgraded, at a cost of 1.5 crore rupees, which includes installation of modern electro-mechanical facilities aimed at enabling faster repair of damaged transformers.
These divisions have also been provided an additional 30 lac rupees for enhancing buffer stock of transformers utilised during times of damages to existing sub-stations.
The funding also provides for augmentation of existing sub-stations and reclamation of damaged transformers in the electric division 4th which caters to old city areas of the district.
Further funding is being provided to meet deficits and requirements of upgradations and strengthen power infrastructure across the district.To bridge shortfalls surrounding city drainage, around 13.5 crore rupees has been released under SADP to complete major drainage projects and further 25 crore rupees under Smart City have been earmarked for augmentation of drainage network in Srinagar.
The former covers projects in various areas across Srinagar and benefit a large population put together. Most of these projects either revamp the old existing infrastructure or fill infrastructural gaps in order to augment vital facilities of drainage.
These include 26 works, covering a total of some 9 kilometres of road length in areas across Srinagar including various low-lying areas and various areas in the old city. These include main roads as well as lanes — at Lal Chowk, Abi Guzar, Raj Bagh, IG Road, Mehjoor Nagar, Nowgam, Chanapora, Mominabad Batamaloo, Malroo Shalteng, Hamdaniya Colony Bemina, Zainakote, Kaluna Colony and Rose Avenue HMT, Bishamber Nagar, Mandibal Nowshera, Jamia Masjid to Zawoora, Shahanshah and Umer Colony Lal Bazar, Firdous Colony Buchpora among others.
This also includes construction of a dewatering station and sluice chamber at Nowgam at a cost of 85 lac rupees.
Strengthening of stormwater drainage network is going to be a major developmental focus of district administration in the coming fiscal.

Scientific uncertainty

The broad-scale impacts and mechanisms of physical climate change are scientifically well-understood, but specific estimates of these impacts are associated with uncertainty that is challenging to communicate. How scientists communicate uncertainty affects public trust and acceptance of the research.

“Listen to the scientists”— some form of this phrase is often used in debates over the realities of climate change, including recently by climate activist Greta Thunberg in her testimony to the US Congress and by the participants in ongoing climate protests. Such phrases underline the scientific consensus that climate change is real and caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions (97% of climate scientists agree with these two points1) and convey the idea that science will pave the way forward by informing policy meant to limit greenhouse gas emissions and deal with climate change impacts.

The potential effects of elevated CO2 on the Earth’s temperature were calculated as early as the late nineteenth century by Svante Arrhenius, using measurements of infrared radiation from the Moon2. Despite today’s much more sophisticated computing power and deeper understanding of the Earth’s climate system, these calculations have not been substantially revised. Since the subsequent realization that anthropogenic CO2 could affect Earth’s climate, the evidence of the effects of increasing atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases has become clearer and more convincing. Data collected over the past three decades, in particular, have allowed scientists to test hypotheses and models as the effects of anthropogenic climate change have intensified and become easier to distinguish from natural variability. Temperatures are increasing and will continue to do so, ice caps and glaciers will continue to melt, and sea level will rise. This is the science, laid out most recently and with relative certainty by the IPCC Special Report on the ocean and cryosphere3.

However, the climate system is complex, as are its interactions with humanity, and beyond these ‘big picture’ forecasts lie many more specific questions. How much will sea level rise, and how quickly? How will forests respond to increased CO2 and changing precipitation patterns? Will life be able to adapt to the changing conditions? Research into the nuances of these and similar questions sometimes yields unclear or conflicting results. The answers may vary geographically and be confounded by natural variability, so that attribution of certain events to climate change is difficult. Future answers to these questions are typically calculated from models based on mathematical representation of processes or statistical regression of past data, both of which have limitations. Predictions are also uncertain because human and societal actions are unknown.

All of this makes precise predictions of impacts and timelines challenging. Yet, exactly these are highly relevant for informing mitigation policies and deciding how to react to the varied consequences of climate change. Governments need to know what will happen to decide how best to invest money and infrastructure; and they need to know what effect policies meant to reduce emissions and slow climate change will have. As more and more countries pass national and international legislation aimed to mitigate climate change, measuring the efficacy of these policies will become a priority that is likely to play a role in their strength and success, but one that may prove difficult because of discrepancies between political timescales and those required to resolve trends4.

The scientific uncertainty surrounding climate change research can be difficult to communicate to policy makers and the public5. The word “uncertainty” itself has slightly different meanings when used in everyday speech versus a scientific context. In scientific discourse, it conveys the degree to which something is known. In the vernacular, the word conveys rather the sense of not knowing. The difference is subtle, but important.

An Article by Lauren Howe and colleagues in this issue reports that how scientists express this uncertainty affects people’s acceptance of the science, as well as their trust in the scientists reporting the results. They find that expressing uncertainty using a concrete range of possibilities increases trust, whereas uncertainty expressed with respect to unpredictable impacts can erode trust in scientists and in the research. As Emily Ho and David Budescu discuss in the accompanying News & Views, this may be because the public opinion of climate change is dependent on how the evidence is framed. Expressing ‘irreducible’ uncertainty may convey the idea that scientists disagree with each other, which lessens public confidence, whereas most people accept that it is not possible to predict the future precisely and are therefore amenable to ranges of potential outcomes.

Water, power, drainage infrastructure being augmented in Srinagar

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 Strengthening of drainage network as a major developmental focus of coming fiscal; 92 languishing projects worth 800 crore rupees being completed before end of 2020: DC Srinagar

SRINAGAR: In order to bridge shortfalls, infrastructure across all basic facilities including water, power, drainage and road networks are being augmented in Srinagar.

To augment water supply network, hosts of measures ranging from coverage of households in uncovered areas under tap water network to upgrading to and installing advanced infrastructure are being taken to strengthen the potable tap water network.

The aim is to ensure round-the-clock provision to all of around 2.5 lac households in the district. The district administration has fixed 1 March 2020 as deadline before which all households across the district will be connected under the network and provided potable tap water.

In addition to upgrading infrastructure which includes replacing old with new supply lines and enhancing storage capabilities, the plan includes covering all so-far uncovered households in rural areas of the district under the potable tap water network.

The plan also includes installation of smart water meters, the aim being to discourage misuse of potable water. The measure is aimed at the larger goals of water conservation and efficient response to issues of disruption.

The installation of smart water meters, which is an approved component under the Srinagar Smart City project, is to enable an efficient and reliable potable water provision mechanism.

Relevant processes like census of covered and uncovered and registered and unregistered households and commercial establishments and their geo-tagging and linkage are being taken up as part of the process.

Meanwhile the district administration has released 3 crore rupees to the PHE department for completing – before the end of March 2020 – several important works including replacement of worn-out water distribution system in Bemina area, augmentation through installation of 100 mm dia DI main line from Zakura to Habbak, realignment of supply line and construction of sluice chamber at Alamgari Bazar, and installation of 100 mm dia main supply for augmenting WSS Gasoo supplies.

To improve power scenario in the district, the power distribution network and relevant infrastructure is being augmented in keeping with modern demands and needs.

Last month the administration released over 4 crore rupees under SADP to the power department for strengthening power distribution network in various populous areas of the district.

The funding was released for creation of 30 new sub-stations and augmentation of existing ones in various areas. These new sub-stations being set up at an aggregate cost of over 2 crore rupees include setting up of HT and LT networks.

In addition to creation of new sub-stations, the existing infrastructure of divisional workshops of electric divisions 1st and 4th are also being upgraded, at a cost of 1.5 crore rupees, which includes installation of modern electro-mechanical facilities aimed at enabling faster repair of damaged transformers.

These divisions have also been provided an additional 30 lac rupees for enhancing buffer stock of transformers utilised during times of damages to existing sub-stations.

The funding also provides for augmentation of existing sub-stations and reclamation of damaged transformers in the electric division 4th which caters to old city areas of the district.

Further funding is being provided to meet deficits and requirements of upgradations and strengthen power infrastructure across the district.

To bridge shortfalls surrounding city drainage, around 13.5 crore rupees has been released under SADP to complete major drainage projects and further 25 crore rupees under Smart City have been earmarked for augmentation of drainage network in Srinagar.

The former covers projects in various areas across Srinagar and benefit a large population put together. Most of these projects either revamp the old existing infrastructure or fill infrastructural gaps in order to augment vital facilities of drainage.

These include 26 works, covering a total of some 9 kilometres of road length in areas across Srinagar including various low-lying areas and various areas in the old city. These include main roads as well as lanes — at Lal Chowk, Abi Guzar, Raj Bagh, IG Road, Mehjoor Nagar, Nowgam, Chanapora, Mominabad Batamaloo, Malroo Shalteng, Hamdaniya Colony Bemina, Zainakote, Kaluna Colony and Rose Avenue HMT, Bishamber Nagar, Mandibal Nowshera, Jamia Masjid to Zawoora, Shahanshah and Umer Colony Lal Bazar, Firdous Colony Buchpora among others.

This also includes construction of a dewatering station and sluice chamber at Nowgam at a cost of 85 lac rupees.

Strengthening of stormwater drainage network is going to be a major developmental focus of district administration in the coming fiscal. To start with the district administration in association with the Srinagar Smart City Limited or SSCL is spending 25 crore rupees to strengthen the drainage network in identified areas of the city.

The concerned department has been asked to submit a detailed project report for construction or upgradation of drainage which will address shortfalls and help redress concerns in this regard.

It should be noted that the amount and the proposed project is in addition to 14 crore rupees released in this current fiscal to the Srinagar Municipal Corporation for strengthening drainage in the city.

The administration is also installing SCADA system for 80 new dewatering stations constructed by ERA in Srinagar. This along with new drainage projects being taken up in coming fiscal will significantly address shortfalls and improve the drainage scenario in Srinagar city.

Meanwhile, 42 out of the total 92 languishing projects in Srinagar district are being completed before the end of the current fiscal whilst another 45 projects are targeted for completuion before the end of 2020.

These JKIDFC-funded languishing projects – worth an aggregate of over 880 crore rupees including around 400 crore rupees as languishing funding – are under fast-paced execution for their earliest completion with periodic reviews, which include concurrent evaluation and third-party monitoring, being held to take stock of their progress.

It is notable that these projects include among others 17 sports, 16 water, 8 bridge, 5 power, 5 technical education, 3 school education, 2 higher education and 1 health projects.

In over 30 of these projects the district administration has resolved long-pending issues of land acquisition and compensation thereby enabling their resumption and completion at the earliest.

Projects across all these sectors are being fast-paced for their earliest possible completion. Fortnightly reviews of progress of work on these projects are being conducted at the district level in order to ensure immediate resolution of associated issues and their completion within their stipulated timeframes.

Deputy Commissioner Srinagar Dr Shahid Iqbal Choudhary said adherence to completion timelines is an important part of relevant efforts adding that relevant responsibilities of concerned officers have been fixed in order to ensure adherence.

Dr Shahid who is also the CEO Srinagar Smart City Limited said development of drainage as well as power and water in Srinagar city is also amongst the main areas of focus of the SSCL adding that efforts are afoot to bring all these under a smart mechanism which will help identify areas of concern aimed at timely interventions as and when required.

Govt setting standards of excellence in school education: Com Secy School Edu

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SRINAGAR: Commissioner Secretary, School Education and Social Welfare, Hirdesh Kumar today said that Government is setting standards of excellence in school education across Jammu and Kashmir.

While convening public grievance camp at Srinagar today, Kumar said that Government was taking all possible measures to ensure that quality education is imparted to the students at the government-run schools.

“It is heartwarming to notice that examinations were held in cordial atmosphere across Jammu and Kashmir and timely results were also declared,” Kumar said. “Parents and civil society members should also come forward and help us maintain the quality in the School campuses,” he added.

He said that the best gift that one can give to their children is a gift of education. “Some of the best moments of childhood are spent on the school campus and we all must ensure that we provide all services to the students under one roof,” he said. He urged people to come forward and register their grievances during the camps convened by the Administrative Secretaries.

Kumar said that Government was taking all possible measures for setting benchmark of excellence in school education.

“With high expectations from parents and the teaching fraternity, schools today are going extra mile to strive for that coveted accreditation for providing quality education,” he said urging teaching fraternity to work for the betterment of the school education. He said that educational institutions are considered the cornerstone of knowledge and learning.

Kumar said that apart from maximizing academic potential, these award-winning institutions also inculcate values, help develop social skills, play a key role in character building, influence the emotional stability of students and shape their career paths going forward.

“All we need to focus is to make schools vibrant spaces for students,” he said.

Speaking to various deputations during the day-long public outreach programme, Kumar said that Government was aiming to address all the grievances of people and also providing them with better service delivery. During the camp various service-related matters were also taken up.

Several deputations from Kulgam, Baramulla, Ganderbal, Pulwama, Budgam and Srinagar districts apprised him about their issues and demands.  The Commissioner Secretary gave patient hearing to the deputations and assured them that all their genuine issues would be looked into and addressed accordingly.

Later, the Commissioner Secretary chaired a meeting with the officials of the School Education Department and officials of the Department of Social Welfare to review the functioning of the respective departments.

Jammu: Maiden J&K Foresters’ Fitness cum Endurance Meet concludes

JAMMU : First ever J&K Foresters’ Fitness cum Endurance meet concluded today, here at Forest Protection Force ground Sidhra.The three day meet witnessed participation of over 350 players from various Forest Circles of J&K.

The participants were drawn from Forest & allied departments like Territorial, Forest Protection Force, Wildlife, Pollution Control Board, Soil and Water Conservation, Social Forestry, Remote Sensing and State Forest Corporation.

Eight circle level teams participated in this first J&K Foresters’ Fitness cum Endurance Meet ever held in UT of J&K.

The UT level event involved 9 different competitions viz, cross country run, brisk walk, Cricket, Football, Volleyball, T.T, Cross Country, 4X100 Relay and Tug of War.

The meet concluded with presentation of medals to winners by PCCF J&K Dr. Mohit Gera, PCCF & Director, Soil & Water Conservation Department, J&K, P.K. Singh.

Over 140 medallions were given away for Winner and Runner up positions, while a trophy for best sportsperson of the event and an impressive Rolling trophy was given away to East Circle for being the overall winning team. The concluding ceremony was attended by senior most Forest officials, HoDs, CCFs, CFs, DFOs, besides officials from other departments and locals.

Dr. Gera, in his speech, said that besides highlighting the need of fitness, the message of camaraderie and team spirit are two elements that are the take away of this sporting meet. He appreciated all participants for showing great enthusiasm during the meet and expected the same zeal and enthusiasm from all officers/officials, while discharging their duties in the field.

“Besides showing the diversity of talent and culture, it also shows the diversity of roles assigned to our departments”, Dr. Gera said and congratulated all the participants, teams and the winners of the event.He emphasised that the idea of such fitness meet is not just to win medals but develop the mind set to serve the people with passion. He reiterated that foresters manage and guard 48% of geographical area of J&K and ‘to protect it and serve people better we need fit mind and body.’ He appreciated the organising committee led by Regional Director, Jammu Wildlife Protection Department, Dr. Kumar M. K, for excellent management.

Lt Governor inaugurates Hostel Blocks of SMVDCoN; takes stock of patient care facilities at SMVD Narayana Superspeciality Hospital

KAKRYAL : Lieutenant Governor, Girish Chandra Murmu, who is also the Chairman of Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board, today inaugurated two Under-Graduate Hostel Blocks of the Shri Mata Vaishno Devi College of Nursing (SMVDCoN) at Kakryal. Constructed by the Shrine Board at a cost of Rs. 18.46 crores, these buildings would cater to the residential requirements of the students of the Nursing College.

The Lt Governor had a round of the hostel buildings and inspected the facilities being provided to the students. He directed the CEO, SMVDSB to ensure adequate provision for harnessing rain water and solar energy in the newly constructed Hostel buildings. He also asked the CEO for taking up plantation at the available space around the Hostel buildings to make the campus green besides ensuring that all the buildings of the Board are environment-friendly. He further directed for providing library facility in the Hostel for the convenience of the students of the Nursing College, besides setting up a crèche in the Nursing College-Hospital area.

The Lt Governor was informed that the 4-storey Hostel Blocks: Samvedna-I and Samvedna-II comprising of 96 residential rooms, having triple occupancy with allied facilities like common rooms, recreation halls, dining halls and kitchen have been constructed by the Shrine Board. The total covered area of both the hostel buildings is 86,209 sqft. and can accommodate 288 students. These hostel buildings have been constructed as a part of the Rs. 52.90 crores Phase-I of the Nursing College Project, out of which Rs. 24 crores have been spent so far. In Phase-I, the tendering of 1 BHK staff housing and 2 BHK faculty housing is under progress while the work on allied works like construction of road, STP, protection works etc. is in progress.

Later, the Lt Governor visited Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Narayana Superspeciality Hospital and inspected the functioning of various specialities and hi-end equipments including OPDs, Radiology, MRI and CT Scan, Pharma and Emergency facilities available in the Hospital.

While interacting with the doctors, patients and their attendants, the Lt Governor emphasised the need for providing highest standards of patient care at the hospital in sync with the emerging requirements.

The Lt Governor was accompanied by Dr. Ashok Bhan and Major General (Retd.) Shiv Kumar Sharma, Members , Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board (SMVDSB); Sh. Ramesh Kumar, Chief Executive Officer, SMVDSB; Ms. Indu Kanwal Chib, Deputy Commissioner, Reasi; Ms. Rashmi Wazir, SSP Reasi; Sh. Vivek Verma, Additional CEO, SMVDSB; Dr. Sunil Sharma, Deputy CEO, SMVDSB and Dr. Shailla Cannie Principal of the Nursing College.

Crime Branch J&K registers case against JKPCC

SRINAGAR : Crime Branch Kashmir registered a case against the officers and officials of JKPCC unit 10 and others who have caused a loss of about Rs 3 crores while executing works namely Panzgam-Manzgam Bridge, sub district Hospital Sogam and Bohipora Bridge in District Kupwara.

An enquiry by Crime Branch Kashmir subse

quent to a fact-finding committee report has revealed the commission of cognizable offences under sections 467, 468, 120-B IPC and 5(2) PC Act.Patently, the government of J&K had constituted a fact-finding committee to look into the irregularities in award of contracts in violation of prescribed SOP and procedures after the issuance of government order No. 308 of P/W dated 21-11-2015.

The Government order had made it necessary to invite competition through tendering process however during enquiry it surfaced that

33 works have been executed by JKPCC unit 10 on nomination basis after splitting them into 1400 component works. The nomination has been through favorite Piece Workers. Investigation has been taken up.

Garbage piles up at Super Specialty Hospital premises, raises stench

Srinagar : Unattended garbage in the premises of Super Specialty Hospital (SSH) here in summer capital Srinagar is causing immense problems to the visitors.

As per sources, the garbage lying inside the hospital premises has not been removed from here for a long time. The problem has been compounded by presence of a large number of dogs around this garbage pile—putting the lives of visitors at risk.

Some visitors even went on to complain that they fear to roam around freely, especially during late evenings due to the presence of these dogs around the hospital.

The SSH located at Shireen Bagh, opposite to Shri Mahraja Hari Singh (SMHS) hospital runs under the administrative control of Government Medical College (GMC), Srinagar is catering to hundreds of patients on a daily basis.

Unattended garbage which includes medical waste generated in this government hospital is piling up in a corner of the premises and is proving to be a health hazard.

The waste pile largely comprised food waste, polythene covers, slippers, blood-soaked bandages, syringes and empty medicine bottles. “We have been experiencing severe breathing problems since the last couple of days due to the stench from this,” said a few attendants.

The hospital is visited by hundreds of patients on daily basis; therefore, large biomedical waste gets generated. “Though it has separate bins to segregate wet and solid waste from biomedical waste,” an official at the hospital blamed visitors for not following instructions.

“All biomedical waste is collected by workers and sent outside; only the general waste is collected here. But if syringes and bottles were found in this pile we shall immediately look into it. Only visitors could have thrown it there,” the official inside the hospital added.Patients also complained that often crows and dogs flock around the garbage pile. “Crows and dogs pick up waste from the pile and drop it everywhere,” said an attendant Yawar Majeed of Pulwama. He accused the hospital authorities that they do not turn up regularly to clear the pile.Another attendant Bilal Ahmad said that stench coming out from the garbage, often spread around by birds, irks visitors to the hospital.

Short term course on Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence concludes at GCET Jammu

JAMMU : Short term course on “Engineering Applications of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence” organized by GCET Jammu in collaboration with NITTTR Chandigarh concluded today.

The course was conducted by various eminent speakers drawn from the various technological arenas like IIT Jammu, SSIET Dera Bassi (Punjab), Jammu University, Pink Tech Design, New Delhi, Enovate Skill, Start-up NITTTR Chandigarh. Director NITTTR Chandigarh.Principal GCET Dr. Sameru Sharma facilitated this opportunity to the participants to update their knowledge. The course was focused on various current and upcoming applications of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence.The course was coordinated by Dr. Balwinder Singh from NITTTR Chandigarh and Er. Sumeer Khajuria from GCET Jammu. Around 30 faculty from E&C, Computer, Electrical, Mechanical and Civil Engineering Department participated in the programme.

Administrative approval for works: Govt directs deptts to adhere to rules laid down in GFR

Srinagar : The Jammu and Kashmir government on Tuesday directed departments to adhere to rules while according administrative approval for development works.

the General Administration Department today came up with detailed instructions to be followed by executing agencies for according administrative approval to development initiatives.”

Attention of the all the administrative departments is invited to the detailed instructions laid down in the provisions of General Financial Rules, 2017, regarding procedures to be followed for according administrative approval,” reads the circular issued Financial Commissioner Revenue, Finance department, Arun Kumar Mehta.

According to the directive, no work shall be commenced and liability incurred in connection with it until administrative approval is obtained from administrative approval in each case in terms of Rule 136(1) of General Financial Rules, 2017.

As per sources the circular states that executing agencies shall take different aspects like whether work to be initiated is necessary, whether necessary funds are available in budget estimates.

The department have also been asked that unnecessary items of expenditure and scope of subsequent changes in the proposal shall be avoided. The other necessary guidelines for executing agencies is that per unit cost of construction is calculated taking into account rates adopted for similar earlier works as well as normative cost of construction and factor in  maintenance and upkeep of the project.

The department have been directed to look into whether expected date of commencement and completion of works are clearly mentioned. They have also been directed that comprehensive proposal is considered for approval instead of a part, so that intended outcome is fully on completion of activities proposed.