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Can’t lay down yardstick to determine adequacy of representation: SC on SC/ST quota in promotion

 

Indo-Asian News Service

 

New Delhi, Jan 28: The Supreme Court on Friday said laying down a criteria for determining the inadequacy of representation of Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) would result in curtailing the discretion given to the state governments.

 

A bench of Justices L. Nageswara Rao, Sanjiv Khanna, and B.R. Gavai said: “We are of the opinion that no yardstick can be laid down by this Court for determining the adequacy of representation of SCs and STs in promotional posts for the purpose of providing reservation.”

 

Attorney General K.K. Venugopal’s stand that court has to lay down the yardstick for measuring adequacy of representation did not yield a favourable result, as the court said that the Jarnail Singh (2018) judgment had found it befitting for states to have the liberty to evaluate the representation of SCs and STs in public employment.

 

Justice Rao, who authored the judgment on behalf of the bench, said laying down criteria for determining the inadequacy of representation would result in curtailing the discretion given to the state governments.

 

“In addition, the prevailing local conditions, which may require to be factored in, might not be uniform,” he said.

 

The bench noted that in M. Nagaraj (2006) judgment, the top court made it clear that the validity of law made by the state governments providing reservation in promotions should be decided on a case-to-case basis for the purpose of establishing whether the inadequacy of representation is supported by quantifiable data.

 

“Data collected to determine inadequacy of representation needs to be reviewed periodically. The period for review should be reasonable and is left to the Government to set out,” it said.

 

The bench emphasised that before providing for reservation in promotions to a cadre, the state is obligated to collect quantifiable data regarding inadequacy of representation of SCs and STs.

 

“Collection of information regarding inadequacy of representation of SCs and STs cannot be with reference to the entire service or ‘class/group’ but it should be relatable to the grade/category of posts to which promotion is sought. Cadre, which should be the unit for the purpose of collection of quantifiable data in relation to the promotional post(s), would be meaningless if data pertaining to representation of SCs and STs is with reference to the entire service,” it added.

 

The bench added that determination of inadequate representation of SCs and STs in services under a state is left to the discretion of the state government, as the determination depends upon myriad factors which the court cannot envisage.

 

The Central government had asked the apex court to lay down a definite and decisive ground for it and the states to implement reservation in promotions to SCs and STs in government jobs. Several states had moved the apex court, as many high courts had struck down the provisions providing reservation in promotion along with an application seeking clarification in the Jarnail Singh case. After hearing detailed arguments in the matter, the top court in October last year had reserved the judgment.

 

The top court said the Nagaraj judgment — which laid down conditions like collections of quantifiable data, adequacy of representation, and overall impact on efficiency of administration — will have prospective effect.

 

It also declared the B.K. Pavitra II judgment in 2019, is contrary to law laid down in judgments in Nagaraj case and in Jarnail Singh case. This judgement allowed collection of data on the basis of group and not on cadre.

 

The bench did not accept the contention that a major share of quota for members of SCs and STs, often reaches select few within these categories. “We are not inclined to express any view on discontinuation of reservations in totality, which is completely within the domain of the legislature and the executive,” it said.

 

The top court has scheduled the matter for further hearing on February 24, in connection with pleas by different states and Centre against the decision of various high courts quashing the decision on reservation in promotion. (IANS)

Lockdowns adversely hit livelihood of business community: KCCI

Precious Kashmir News

Srinagar, Jan 28: The fresh lockdowns imposed by the government have again adversely impacted the livelihood of daily wagers and businesses community, Kashmir Chamber of Commerce and Industries (KCC&I) said on Friday.

Sheikh Ashiq Ahmad, President, KCC&I as per a statement urged the administration to keep the livelihood of the business community in mind before taking any future decision and tackle the situation in consultation with traders / industry/ business community.

As the successive pandemic triggered lockdowns have wreaked havoc on economy, after the receding of second wave, the businesses had started to resuscitate. But much to the dismay of stakeholders, the lockdown came again to haunt.

The years of lockdowns have pushed Business Community to the wall and they are reeling under tremendous stress.  The only stability they have been staring is financial instability.

The government according to President should ensure that people adhere to COVID-19 appropriate behaviour and the protocol is followed strictly. Lockdowns cannot be the first solution or perhaps are not solution as it does more harm than good.

The business community ensures support to the administration in implementing proper Covid protocol.

In times like these, when the financial instability is marring the community, we request government to come out with certain  packages for the business community  in the prevailing circumstances .

Sheikh Ashiq Ahmad , President, Kashmir Chamber of Commerce & Industries  urges Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha to intervene and demanded a “financial sustenance  package” for the businesses community.

Annual bird census carried out in Wular Lake

 

Srinagar, Jan 28: The annual bird census was carried out in the famous Wular Lake of J&K’s Bandipora district on Friday.

The annual survey was carried out by Wular conservation and management authority of Kashmir.

Volunteers from multiple bird clubs and organisations participated in the census process. This is the first such major census carried out in the Lake in which 25 volunteers took part.

For counting purposes, 22 points were laid across the Lake for bird count. Volunteers used boats wherever those were required to complete the census.

Migratory bird species like mallards, coots, teals, gadwalls, ruddy shelducks, greylag geese etc are found in the Lake in large numbers.

Mudasir Mehmood, the coordinator of the survey, said that regular scientific monitoring of birds and other faunal diversity is being carried for long term population monitoring and to take informed management decisions. The report on the census will be published soon after analysing and assessing the data. 

80-year-old lady dies at GMC Anantnag, family alleges medical negligence

 

Principal GMC refutes allegations, says tried level best to save her

Jahangeer Ganaie

Srinagar, Jan 28: An 80-year-old lady from Yaripora hamlet of Kulgam district died at Government Medical College Anantnag on Friday, while the family alleges medical negligence for her death.

Deceased’s family members and relatives protested outside the hospital and demanded an investigation in this regard.

Family members said that Hajra Banoo resident of Kathpora Yaripora was referred to GMC Anantnag on Friday morning from SDH Yaripora.

“Since 7 am we were in the emergency ward as the blood pressure of the patient was down and oxygen level was below 60. Doctors checked her when she was brought to hospital but then no attention was given towards her,” they said.

“As condition of the patient was going from bad to worse, we requested doctors to shift her to the ICU ward where nine beds were lying vacant but we were told that they have received calls from some patients and beds are for them,” they alleged. “Wasn’t it their duty first to save the patient who was before them or is it just an approach which works. Where will poor people go?”

The family alleged that they were kept in the emergency ward like flock of sheep amid Covid-19 and despite repeated requests to the concerned authorities they were not allowed to take her to the ICU ward despite having beds vacant.

“We also requested them to refer our patient, to provide medicines on golden card but they didn’t listen,” they said, adding that the lady died of medical negligence and authorities must investigate the matter.

Meanwhile, GMC Anantnag Dr Tariq Qureshi while refuting the allegations said that the 80 year old lady was checked by doctors several times and was put on oxygen as well.

“The doctors tried to save the elderly patient who was having multiple underlying problems.  The family members are lying. I personally went before them and showed them that the doctor has seen the patient four times and put on oxygen as well besides given medicine,” he said.

“Family has even agreed to pay for the damage they did in the ward and requested us doesn’t lodge an FIR against them,” Qureshi said. (KNO)

Police appeal people to install HSRP in all vehicles

‘It has certain features meant to safeguard vehicles of people’

Mubashir Alam Wani

Srinagar, Jan 28: In a bid to ensure implementation of government guidelines, the district police Srinagar have asked the people to install High Security Registration Plates (HSNP) in all the vehicles at an earliest.

Pertinently, the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) have mandated all vehicles to have a high security registration plate (HSRP).

Police urged the people to install HSRP in all kinds of vehicles and that a drive against the non-compliance will start shortly along with the traffic police.

“It is requested to all citizens to install High Security Number Plates (HSNP) in all kinds of vehicles. This will lead to curb in vehicle thefts, other crimes related to vehicles. A drive against non-compliance will start shortly alongwith Traffic Police & legal action will follow,” Srinagar Police tweeted.

Superintendent of Police (SP) Traffic, City, Muzaffar Ahmad said that this HSRP has certain features and that it is basically meant to safeguard the vehicles of people.

“Already directions have been issued by the concerned ministry in this regard and the people are being asked to install such plates so that the certain features in it would help the reducing theft cases and others related to the vehicles,” he said. (KNO)

 

 

Built decade ago, School building at Shiekhpora Anantnag lies abandoned

 

Anantnag, Jan 28: A school building constructed more than a decade ago in Shiekhpora village of Shangas continued to lie abandoned as the authorities at the education department failed to shift the institute from an old space-starved building.

 

The building for the Government Middle School Shiekhpora was sanctioned in the year 2010 and was completed in 2012 at the cost of Rs ten lakh.

 

The building has seven spacious and well ventilated classrooms with an enrollment of over 100 students in nine classes.

 

However, ten years after its completion, the building is lying abandoned. “The building was meant for the middle school. But the irony is that the authorities after spending huge amount on its construction abandoned the same as a result of which the school continues to function from the old building,” locals complained.

 

The old school building has only four small rooms with one of them being used for office purposes. It also does not have a playground.

 

“One fails to understand the wisdom behind not shifting the school from an old space starved building to a new one with a capacity to accommodate all classes. We many a time approached the authorities in this regard but they seem to be least bothered,” said the locals.

 

Since the building lies abandoned for ten years, locals said, most of its windows and doors have been damaged.

 

Repeated attempts to reach Chief Education Officer (CEO), Anantnag for his version proved futile as he did not respond to calls.

 

However, a Zonal level official requesting anonymity said that the school building has been constructed at the hilly patch of land where there is possibility of land sliding.

 

“Chief Education Officer recently directed the zonal education officer to look into the matter. We then visited the school building and found that it is not safe for children as there is a possibility of land erosion,” the official said.

 

Asked why such a location was chosen for the school building then, the official said that the construction of the building had been actually politicized over a decade ago.

 

Aren’t We Producing Qualified Illiterates?

By: G N Shakir 

> Promoting students without proper studies a big Question Mark on Future

> It’s not about exams or marks alone, it is more about teaching them meet age-specific learning outcomes

> In Absence of Physical Schooling, Opportunity gaps will translate into wider achievement gaps

 

 

Results of 10th and 12th class annual Board examinations are expected in a few days and this year again, like the previous two or three years, we are expecting good pass percentage of students in both the classes. Even the number of distinctions and top positions will be quite encouraging (hope so). Then again, like the previous years, we will boast upon the results and will leave no words unused in praising our children (and also the teachers in some cases) for their extraordinary performance. Praising and applauding our children and encouraging them for their good academic performance is not bad and in fact it is the need of the times that we should encourage our children whenever they perform well in any field but have we ever thought about the negative side of this whole academic scenario? Have we ever pondered over the fact that we are promoting the students just for the sake of their academic years? Taking advantage of Covid pandemic, we have now been promoting our children especially in lower classes under “mass promotion” rule for last more than two years. We are quite aware of the fact that our children have not studied that much which is needed to qualify a particular examination and we also know that our children are deprived of real learning for last three years which is only possible in a physical class room. We are also aware of the fact that online learning has not served the purpose of education at all. We may be teachers, education leaders, officers or policy makers but we all are parents at the same time and know it fully that children are never so attentive during online classes and most often skip the virtual class rooms and instead spend their time in net surfing and other un-necessary or unwanted gamming. Recently, a parent was discussing online learning with me and some other friends. He told that he was astonished to see that his kid, reading in third grade had kept his mobile phone under the pillow while online class was going on and the child himself was playing outside in the compound. The child knew that he just needs attendance and not a visual eye contact with his teacher and thus utilized his time otherwise. This is not the case of a particular child but most of the kids use the same “technique” during online classes. Most students hope that they will be promoted without exams and have not been paying attention to studies.

Then there is the most important case of those children who don’t have android phones or don’t have access to internet most often. What about the children with specific needs? We have not been able to devise learning strategies for such students at all.

Keeping students engaged remotely is a big challenge. Data from various National and International surveys show that student participation in online math coursework decreased by 20 percent compared with participation prior to the pandemic.

But still then we are promoting our children to their next classes just because we don’t want their academic years to be lost. By promoting the students without examinations or without proper teaching learning system, we are in fact producing “qualified illiterates” in our society. Promoting students without proper studies will only make it difficult for them in the future. It’s not about exams or marks alone, it is more about teaching them the subject and ensuring that they meet age-specific learning outcomes. In fact schools are the hub for support like co-curricular activities, mental-health counseling, and childcare. In many homes, especially for low-income families, students lack access to the internet, devices, and a dedicated, quiet place to study. The disparities in basic conditions for learning are reflected in the results of formative assessments.

So for as board examinations are concerned, the JKBOSE and the Education department needs applauds for their efforts to conduct annual examinations in time and in a routine manner despite the pandemic. But the fact of matter is that students did not work so hard during the academic season as they are used to expect grace marks, bonus marks, lenient marking, favor in exam centers and other alike terms for last few sessions. There can be hundreds of examples where the invigilating teams used lenient ways during examinations either because of the pandemic situation or to save their annual increments which are otherwise at stake for bad results.

 

Our examination system is otherwise also faulty and is not the real test of the performance and capabilities of a student. Experts have been advocating for reforms in examination system for so long but we have not been able to do anything in this regard. We are following the age old examination system which is leading to production of qualified illiterates. In fact a student getting 500 out of 500 marks in board examination, actually gets less than 350 marks because the 150 marks of practical examinations added to his or her score, he or she is getting for no efforts rather free. We know that for last so many years no practical exams are conducted and the marks are being awarded randomly.

 

Coming back to my point, mass promotions due to closure of schools are likely to prove havoc in the educational scenario in future. The one and only way to protect the future of our nation is to allow physical schooling as early as possible. Promoting students without exams will have an adverse effect on a student as the children won’t achieve learning outcomes or have basic knowledge. In fact schools should reopen for all classes—nursery to class 12 and above, and regular physical classes should be conducted so that students learn basics and all important topics.

 

Just imagine, a child who has been admitted in Nursery or Kindergarten class in the year 2019, has not even seen his or her school till date nor has had any contact with his or her teachers so far. It is not possible for such a child to groom due to many known reasons and if the child remains out of school for more time, it will tell upon his or her overall mental, physical, emotional and academic performance.

The immediate priority is to prevent further learning loss through a combination of bringing students back to school because experts say that it is now safe to do so and improving remote learning across the board. However, that is not enough. Much damage has already been done. To catch up, many students will need step-up opportunities to accelerate their learning. Now is the time for school systems to prepare post-pandemic strategies that help students to meet their full potential. Left unaddressed, these opportunity gaps will translate into wider achievement gaps.

Author is Secretary Private Schools’ Association J&K and can be reached at ( [email protected])

 

Increasing fire incidents

 

Fire incidents, unfortunately, occur recurrently. Sadly the frequency increases during the winters. Also many lives are lost. Recently a woman, who could not move out while flames were raging, died in Jamalata area Srinagar. Earlier this week, a 75-year-old was also charred alive at Sopore. Tragically also, properties worth crores of rupees were reduced to ashes. The public memory seems notoriously short and naturally, there is a shock when some people lose their dwelling and household properties, collected painstakingly for years, to the fire accident. There are numerous fire incidents that destroyed everything and even claimed precious lives in the past.

The frequency increases during winters and there is always negligence on part of people in ignoring among others overloading of the power wire or sockets, or through the use of faulty electrical appliances, electrical room heaters or electric blankets.

People also tend to ignore safety measures and as such fail to incorporate fire safety measures during construction and installing fire extinguishers, at home and offices.

The burning issues brought to the fore during most fire incidents have remained more or less the same over the years, underscoring that smokescreens are put up to hide the poor standards of firefighting gear.

The Fire and Emergency Services should analyse the recent fire incidents and try to identify the common causes, if not already done. Based on the analysis, a public sensitisation drive can be launched to make people observe the necessary precautions. The department should also provide inputs to the concerned so that such incidents can be stopped by observing certain rules about building houses, laying electric lines and using things like cooking and heating gas.

Unfortunately also, the fire hydrants have vanished or are non-functional at most places. Not only this, the road obstructions are such that fire tenders seldom reach the spot on time causing considerable delays in extinguishing the blaze. The administration needs to put the focus on effective enforcement of the National Building Code and related laws which specify the demarcation of fire zones, restrictions on construction of buildings in each fire zone, classification of buildings based on occupancy, types of building construction according to fire resistance of the structural and non-structural components and other restrictions and requirements necessary to minimize dangers to life from fire, smoke, fumes or panic.

Importantly also, there is also a need to be extra vigilant and take fire-mitigating measures which will help minimize loss, both on life and the property front.

Afghan situation worrisome: PM Modi

Addresses first-ever India-Central Asia Summit

New Delhi: Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Thursday stressed that Central Asia is “central” to India’s vision of an integrated and stable extended neighbourhood, as he outlined three aims for the first ever India-Central Asia Summit that was attended by the leaders of all five countries in virtual mode.

Addressing the Presidents of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, at the summit that was also held to mark 30 years of establishment of relations between both sides, PM Modi said the situation in Afghanistan has all members worried.

“We are all concerned with regard to regional security and have similar aims. The Afghanistan situation has all of us worried, and in this context our cooperation for regional security and stability is all the more important,” he stressed.

He outlined three aims for the Summit – firstly to make clear that for the sake regional security, prosperity and peace mutual cooperation between India and Central Asia is necessary. Secondly, is to give a proper structure to their mutual cooperation. This would enable regular interactions between different stakeholders at different levels, he said.

The third, is to draw up an ambitious roadmap that will help plan an integrated approach to regional connectivity and cooperation for the next three years. “I want to make clear that Central Asia is central to India’s vision of an integrated and stable extended neighbourhood,” the PM stressed.

Earlier, in his address at the summit, attended by Presidents Kassym-Jomart Tokayev of Kazakhstan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev of Uzbekistan, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow of Turkmenistan, Sadyr Japarov of the Kyrgyz Republic and Emomali Rahmon of Tajikistan, PM Modi said that India and the Central Asian nations have completed 30 years of their diplomatic relations.

“The past three decades has seen our relationship achieve many successes. And now, at this important juncture, we have to draw up an ambitious vision for the coming years,” he stressed.

“A vision that will help achieve the ambitions of our people, especially our youth, in this time of global changes. At the bilateral level, India has close relations with all Central Asian nations.”

“Kazakhstan has emerged as an important partner for India’s energy security,” PM Modi said, and expressed his condolences for the recent loss to life and property in Kazakhstan, referring to the deaths in the recent violence.

Kazakhstan is a source of uranium for India. In 2009, Kazatomprom signed an agreement with India’s Nuclear Power Corporation (NPCIL) to supply 2,100 tonnes of uranium to India. In 2015, Kazatomprom signed an agreement with India’s Department of Atomic Energy to supply 5000 tU to India.

“With regard to our close ties with Uzbekistan, some of our state governments have also become active participants in it. In this, my home state of Gujarat is also involved,” PM Modi said, referring to the partnership between Andijan region, in the eastern part of Fergana Valley in far eastern Uzbekistan, and Gujarat.

“With Kyrgyzstan, we have close collaboration in our teaching and high altitude research. Thousands of Indian students are studying there,” he said, referring to a joint collaboration in High altitude research – the Kyrgyz India Mountain Biomedical Research Centre. Some 15,000 Indian students are in the Central Asian country.

“With Tajikistan we have very old ties in the field of defence, and we are working to make it even stronger,” he said. The Gissar Military Aerodrome (GMA), known as the Ayni airbase, west of the Tajik capital Dushanbe, is India’s first overseas base operated along with Tajikistan.

“Turkmenistan is a key aspect in India’s vision of regional connectivity which makes clear our cooperation in the Ashgabat agreement,” he said, referring to multimodal transport agreement between the governments of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, India and Pakistan, for creating an international transport and transit corridor between Central Asia and the Persian Gulf.

India joined the agreement in February 2018. The five presidents of the Central Asian countries congratulated India on celebrating 75 years of independence. Tajikistan President, in his remarks, said he was convinced that the summit would help contribute to “our multifaceted partnership, and to act as driver of India-Central Asia relations and take it to new levels and its great potential.”

The Turkmen President said the year is momentous as it marks 30 years of the establishment of diplomatic ties. “We have started developing broad political, trade relations, and a developed a solid base in the global arena.”

“India is a close friend and an important partner for Turkmenistan, and was among the first nations to recognize our independence.”

“Turkmenistan-India collaboration is developed on openness, equality, which meets the fundamental interests of the two countries.” He said the summit, the first of its kind, was taking place amid “complex conditions, including the threat of pandemic, which has added to the instability.

“It is important to consolidate the cooperation of all countries in enabling channels of communication as guarantees for peace and development.”

The Uzbekistan President said that India is a “reliable and strong partners for us. Uzbek-India ties have deep historic roots, and for millennia we have been engaged in trade relations, which has led to mutual enrichment of our cultures and spiritual values. Uzbekistan is strongly committed to developing its strategic partnership,” he added. (UNI)

Covid claims 7 lives, 4959 more people test positive in J&K

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By: Nadeem Nadu

Srinagar: Jammu and Kashmir reported 4959 new covid-19 cases while seven persons died due to the virus in the last 24 hours, officials said on Thursday.

They said 1394 of the fresh cases were reported from Jammu Division and 3565 from Kashmir Valley, taking the total tally to 419731. The virus also claimed seven lives, one from Jammu division and 6 from Kashmir Valley, taking the fatality count to 4642. So far 2265 died due to the virus in Jammu and 2377 in the Valley.

Giving the district wise detail of the infections, the officials said that Srinagar reported 841 cases,

Baramulla 784, Budgam 440, Pulwama 135, Kupwara 529, Anantnag 299, Bandipora 130, Ganderbal 87,

Kulgam 295, Shopian 25, Jammu 703, Udhampur 31, Rajouri 68, Doda 162, Kathua 23, Samba 110, Kishtwar 165, Poonch 25, Ramban 99 and Reasi 8.

A number of the fresh cases were confirmed at diagnostic laboratories associated with GMC Srinagar Anantnag.

The GMC Srinagar cases include male (34) from Sgr, male (37) from Sgr, female (50) from Sgr, female (65) from Kupwara, male (80) from Shopian, female (61) from Natipora, male (48) from Tral, male (25) from Kupwara, male (25) from Bemina, female (33) from Sgr, female (75) from Pattan, male (24) from Bemina, female (65) from Zainakadal, male (38) from Nawabazar, female (29) from Batamaloo, female (18) from Batamaloo, female (25) from Hyderpora, male (33) from Safakadal, male (14) from Nishat, female (10) from Harwan nishat, male (30) from Peerbagh, male (48) from Harwan nishat, male (38) from Nawabazar, male (56) from Pulwama, female (40) from Lawaypora, male (60) from Shopian, male (53) from Wazirbagh, male (40) from Alochibagh, male (14) from Alochibagh, female (45) from Narbal, male (50) from Budgam,  male (50) from Chadoora, female (42) from Pulwama, male (28) (NA) from Bemina, female (55) from Gojwara, male (70) from Chewa, female (17) from Rawalpora Sgr, female (15) from Rawalpora Sgr, female (65) from Rawalpora Sgr, female (45) from Rawalpora, male (52) from Rawalpora, male (30) from SMC mayor office, male (33) from SMC mayor office, male (48) from SMC mayor office, male (28) from SMC mayor office, male (38) from SMC mayor office, male (32) from Rajouri, female (59) from Bandipora, male (15) from Kargil, female (61) from Ganderbal, male (31) from Pulwama, female (28) from Lalbazar, male (45) from Elahibagh,female (56) from Lalbazar, female (28) from Saidkadal, male (16) from Nowshera, female (35) from Nowshera, female (58) from Kathi maidan, female (25) from Batamaloo, female (35) from Gojwara, female (27) from Nowshera, female (58) from Nowshera, male (40) from Alamgiri bazaar and female (20) from Nawakdal.

The GMC Anantnag cases include male (48) from Gudder, male (45) from Kulgam, female (30) from Arwani, two males (30, 36) from Damhall DH Pora, female (80) from Batpora, female (40) from Litter, female (44) from Chitragam, male (59) from Mattan and male (59) from Iqbalabad.

Besides, they said, 6264 Covid-19 patients recovered during the time—3371 from Jammu Division and 2893 from Kashmir. So far 368432 people have recovered, leaving active case tally at 46657—11591 in Jammu and 35066 in Kashmir.

They said there was no new confirmed case of mucormycosis (black fungus) reported today. So far 51 black fungus cases have been confirmed in J&K, the officials said. They also informed that 33677 doses of covid-19 vaccine were administered during the time in J&K. (GNS)